Design and Evaluation of a Sink Float Separation Tank for Recycling, Using Waste Plastics in Kasugai City

  • EVBADE A
  • YUKUMOTO M
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Abstract

Plastics recycling can be classified into mechanical and chemical recycling. In this study, assumptions were made based on the 3 models for the recycling of waste plastics, and the CO2 emissions were calculated. In these models, the 4 tonnes of bailed waste plastics collected from Kasugai homes was transported from Kasugai city to Toyama city (mechanical recycling) and Tokai city (cokes oven pre-treatment process). In the case of incineration, the waste plastics were incinerated directly in Kasugai city. From the calculation results, the value of the CO 2 emissions for incineration was more than the two other processes; however the value of CO2 emission for cokes oven pre-treatment process was low compared to the mechanical recycling. This is because of short transportation distance after bailing, and a simple sorting and pelletizing system. Therefore, in mechanical recycling, the bailed plastics should be taken to a much closer location for example Gifu city and the crusher and sink float separation tank should be simplified. A new tank for sink float separation of wastes plastics was designed, the flow of water in the tank was observed and an experiment was conducted with waste plastics; thereafter the recovery rate and the energy reduction consumption was taken into account. It is therefore concluded that there was a reduction in CO 2 emission for the new sink float tank for mechanical recycling. 廃プラスチックのリサイクルはマテリアルリサイクルとケミカルリサイクルに分類される。本論文では,容器包装プラスチックの再商 品化に関して3つのモデルを想定し,CO2 排出量の計算を行った。モデルは 4 t の容器包装プラスチックを春日井市の家庭から回収 し, ベール化して, 富山市 (マテリアルリサイクル) , 東海市 (ケミカルリサイクル)に輸送した。焼却処理では家庭から回収したプラスチッ クはベール化せず焼却した。CO2 排出量の計算結果よ り焼却処理は2つのリサイ クル処理に比べ,CO2 出量が大き く,一方マテリア ルリサイクルに比べてケミカルリサイクル (コークス炉原料化) の CO2 排出量は小さいことが分かった。その理由はケミカルリサイ クルコー クス炉原料化工場へのプラスチックベールの輸送距離が近く,簡単な選別とペレッ ト製造のエネルギー消費が少ないためである事が わかった。そこで,プラスチックベールの輸送を春日井市からもっとも近い岐阜市と仮定し,さらにマテリアルリサイクルの破砕選別工 程を簡略化した。新しい比重選別のための水槽を設計し,水槽内の流れの可視化と比重選別の実験を行った。計算と実験の結果 から,新しい比重選別におけるプラスチックの材質毎の選別率の向上とエネルギー消費の低減を確認した。結論として,新しい比重 選別によるマテリアルリサイクルのモデルが最も CO2 排出量が小さいことが分かった。

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APA

EVBADE, A., & YUKUMOTO, M. (2014). Design and Evaluation of a Sink Float Separation Tank for Recycling, Using Waste Plastics in Kasugai City. Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy, 93(4), 345–350. https://doi.org/10.3775/jie.93.345

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