Effects of Metals on 3-Acetyldeoxynivalenol Production by Fusarium graminearum R2118 in Submerged Cultures

Abstract

The effects of selected metals (Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Fe 2+ ) on 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADN) production by Fusarium graminearum R2118 and on its mycelial growth were investigated by using a two-stage submerged-culture technique. In certain concentrations ranges, Mg 2+ and Fe 2+ stimulated growth but suppressed 3-ADN production; at other concentrations, Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Zn 2+ suppressed growth but stimulated 3-ADN production. In contrast, Mn 2+ stimulated growth but totally inhibited 3-ADN production at all concentrations tested. In general, the production of 3-ADN was inversely related to the growth rate of the fungus with these metals. Mn 2+ appears to be a crucial factor regulating the onset of 3-ADN biosynthesis.