A review of the Southern Oscillation: oceanic-atmospheric circulation changes and related rainfall anomalies.

Abstract

In this review of the Southern Oscillation we consider oceanic and atmospheric circulation changes and related rainfall anomalies with special emphasis on the region of South America. The climate anomalies associated with Southern Oscillation-El Nino (ENSO) events are highly persistent and nearly global in extent. The persistent nature of these events derives from strong coupling between atmosphere and ocean.-from Authors