Factors behind the implementation of STEM education in Bangladesh

Abstract

In this world of ever growing challenges; Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) has gained momentum in global education systems. Unfortunately, Bangladesh as a country is yet to be on board with this advanced education system. No research has been published related to STEM education in Bangladesh. Hence, the aim of this study was to explore the key factors and major challenges behind the implementation of STEM education system in Bangladesh. The design of the study followed mixed method approach. Undergraduate students of the University of Dhaka were selected as sample using non-random purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from the participants through semi-structured questionnaire and focus group discussion. According to the primary findings, more than 80% of the respondents agreed that infrastructure and resources as well as professional development are the key factors to implement STEM in Bangladesh. In addition, inadequate scientific laboratory facilities, lack of financial resources, lack of training for trainers and large class size have been identified as the major challenges behind the implementation of STEM. Keeping these factors and challenges in mind, an effective STEM based education system can be developed and successfully implemented in phase by phase from primary to tertiary levels. This study has, therefore, implications for policy makers, educationists and stakeholders in both private and public sectors to increase the country's global competitiveness as well as boost the national economy via providing the STEM based skills and capacity to the learners.