Policy issues in promoting the adoption of artificial intelligence iThai public hospitals

Abstract

This study investigates policy issues concerning the leveraging of AI potential to benefit healthcare services in public hospitals in Thailand. The study employs qualitative research methods and draws insights from in-depth interviews with 36 key informants involved in policy support, development, or implementation of healthcare-related AI innovations. The analysis of policy issues is facilitated using the technological innovation system (TIS) framework. The study identifies several issues including: inadequate mechanisms for effective innovation dissemination, market entry barriers, unclear legitimation processes for medical AI, resource inefficiencies, and ineffective translation of policy frameworks into practice in innovation activities. It shows how activities within the TIS influence the adoption of AI in public hospitals, by impacting innovation suppliers, users, and the mechanisms connecting the suppliers to broader user bases. The study has generated insights that benefit policymakers and relevant parties in designing better support for promoting the development and adoption of AI innovations in public health.