Feeding Patterns and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Parenting Self-Efficacy

Abstract

Objective: The mechanisms underlying the association between breastfeeding and postpartum depressive symptoms remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between maternal feeding patterns and postpartum depressive symptoms and investigated the mediating role of parenting self-efficacy (PSE). Methods: A prospective longitudinal survey of 708 mothers was conducted from September 2018 to August 2020. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between feeding patterns and postpartum depressive symptoms and the effect of PSE. Results: Breastfeeding mothers experienced milder depressive symptoms and higher PSE than women who did not breastfeed. The structural equation modeling results showed a direct effect of feeding patterns on postpartum depressive symptoms and an indirect effect of postpartum depressive symptoms through PSE. Conclusions: Feeding patterns affected postpartum depression through PSE, which enhanced the favorable effects of breastfeeding in preventing postpartum depression and protecting maternal mental health. Future measures aimed at optimizing PSE will not only help prevent postpartum depression but also contribute to further promoting the psychological health and resilience of breastfeeding women.