Pilonidal disease in 2022: Where do we stand?

Abstract

There are several proposed etiologies that are thought to contribute to the development of pilonidal disease. Initially, PSD was thought to be a congenital condition arising from a variety of errors in embryogenic development; now it is believed to be an acquired condition. The management of PSD can be challenging. Acute abscess should be treated with incision and drainage. Patient expectations and preferences should be coupled with the surgeon's familiarity with different procedures, balancing time to wound healing and short-term postoperative complications with long term recurrence rates and quality of life.