A review of polymeric materials in building construction: Trends, performance, and sustainability considerations

Abstract

The application of polymeric materials in building construction has significantly evolved over recent decades, driven by advancements in material science and the increasing demand for sustainable and high-performance building solutions. This review explores the current trends, performance characteristics, and sustainability considerations of polymeric materials in modern construction practices. Key trends include the growing use of high-performance polymers in structural and non-structural applications, the development of sophisticated composites with improved thermal and mechanical characteristics, and the integration of smart polymeric materials capable of responding to environmental stimuli, thereby improving building functionality and energy efficiency. Polymeric materials offer notable advantages and characteristics such as exceptional longevity, high strength-to-weight ratios, resistance to corrosion, adaptability in design, and simplicity of installation. These attributes make them increasingly suitable for various applications in construction, from insulation and cladding to structural reinforcements. However, challenges persist in terms of long-term mechanical performance, degradation under extreme environmental conditions, and the environmental impact associated with the production, use, and disposal of synthetic polymers. Sustainability considerations are critically examined in this review, emphasizing the importance of lifecycle assessment, recyclability, and the potential for incorporating renewable, bio-based polymers. Emerging strategies for improving the environmental footprint of polymers include the development of biodegradable composites, closed-loop recycling systems, and eco-friendly manufacturing processes. The review underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary research to enhance the sustainability profile of polymeric materials in construction. By providing a comprehensive overview of recent developments, this review aims to inform future research, policy-making, and industrial practices, thereby fostering the responsible adoption and development of sustainable polymeric materials in the building industry.