Paleontologia da fácies arenosa do membro Taquaral (Permiano) no Estado de São Paulo: estado da arte e contribuições adicionais

Abstract

The Irati Formation, Permian (Cisuralian) of the Paraná Basin, stands out for significative geologic and paleontologic characteristics. Among its fossils, crustaceans and Mesosauridae reptiles are the most known and studied. Disarticulated fish remains found in the Taquaral basal sandy facies have been cited by earlier researchers, but no paper has been published. This gap has been fulfilled with several contributions abridged in this work. Most of the remains are teeth, scales and indeterminate bone fragments from Actinopterygii. Chondrichthyes present the largest taxonomic diversity, represented by teeth and dorsal finspines. The most abundant teeth are of the Holocephali Itapyrodus, initially considered monospecific, I. punctatus. Recent studies revealed that different morphotypes identified as Itapyrodus, might include several species. The Elasmobranchs are represented by cladodont teeth, at least three genera based on dorsal finspines (Amelacanthus, Sphenacanthus and one indeterminate genus), one Orodontiformes species, Orodus ipeunaensis, and Xenacanthiformes, Taquaralodus albuquerquei and two indeterminate species. Other fossils were also registered; Sarcopterygii (Actinistia, Osteolepiformes), tetrapods (Temnospondyli), indeterminate ichnofossils and citations of microfossils (foraminifers, ostracods and acritarchs).