Major aproaches of the use of FRP and Bio-Oss® in bone regeneration and elevation for implantology: a concise systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: In the scenario of maxillary sinus surgery for the later practice of implantology, several surgical techniques can be used to reconstruct the atrophic alveolar ridge, isolated techniques or associated with autogenous, allogeneic, xenogenous, and alloplastic biomaterials. The autogenous bone graft is the only one capable of presenting three important biological properties (osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction) guaranteeing a self-regenerative potential. Platelet concentrates have been proposed as regenerative materials in tissue regeneration procedures. Among the platelet concentrates proposed in the literature, there is FRP that act as autogenous platelet aggregates with osteoinductive properties. As an example of xenografts, Bio-Oss® stands out, being a bovine bone biomaterial. The excellent osteoconductive properties of Bio-Oss® lead to predictable and efficient bone regeneration, becoming an integral part of bone structure and volume. Objective: To carry out a brief systematic review of the main considerations for the use of fibrin-rich plasma and Bio Oss® in bone regeneration for implant dentistry. Methods: The survey was conducted from May 2021 to July 2021 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, following the rules of Systematic Review-PRISMA. Study quality was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: The lack of bone in the alveolar crests has been a major problem in functional aesthetic recovery in patients who have suffered dentoalveolar trauma, traumatic tooth extractions, congenital tooth loss, maxillary and mandibular pathologies, in addition to infections due to the emotional and possibility of deformity. In this context, implant dentistry stands out as a modern method of oral rehabilitation for totally or partially edentulous patients. For this method to develop properly, bone integration of the implant into the recipient bone tissue must occur. It was documented that the combination of biomaterial and FRP significantly improved bone regeneration in the peri-implant area. Placing the implant with the simultaneous use of the FRP creates a good relationship between hard tissue and soft tissue. FRP is used as an adjuvant to Bio-Oss® particles for bone augmentation in the maxillary sinus. Conclusion: Based on literary findings, it was shown that FRP is favorable for bone formation processes for dental implants, especially when combined with Bio-Oss®.