Constructing the Validity and Reliability of the General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GSE-Climb) for Climbing Athletes in the Speed World Record Category

Abstract

This study aims to develop and report the General Self-Efficacy for Speed Climbers (GSE-Climb), as well as to conduct the validity and reliability of the General Self-Efficacy (GSE-Climb) questionnaire. GSE-Climb is used to assess the SE of climbing athletes in the World Speed Record category. This study used seven experts with details, 2 experts in the field of pure psychology, 1 expert in sports psychology, 1 head Indonesian national coach, 2 Indonesian national coaches, and 1 lecturer at the Faculty of sports science. This research has four stages (analysis, design, development, and implementation). The first step was to carry out documentary research to build an instrument to be developed, uploading documents to review the development context. This research developed the GSE-Scale instrument which was commonly used to measure SE. It can then be used to measure the SE of climbing athletes, which was named GSE-Climb. In the second step, the instrument was made; after the GSE-Climb was completed, the validity of the content was determined using 7 experts with various qualifications. The evaluation included the level of understanding, the relevance of the words, and the truth of the statements with ratings 1 to 5. Expertise data was collected using the Delphi technique, while the validity was calculated with the Aiken V formula. The third step, to obtain internal validity, used 30 men climbing athletes and calculated the correlation of the product-moment correlation. In the fourth step, inter-rater reliability was tested using Cron Bach Alpha analysis. The results of the calculations indicated that the total content validity value was 0.899, while reliability with an inter-rater value was 0.875. Based on Aiken's V validity (content validity), external validity, and the GSE-Climb Reliability Test to measure the self-efficacy of climbing athletes in the Speed World Record category have been proven to have good evaluation results. This may indicate that the GSE can be used to measure the SE of climbing athletes in the WR speed category for various needs.