A qualitative assessment of the Free Senior High School (Free SHS) Policy on Education in the Upper West Region of Ghana

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of Ghana's Free Senior High School (Free SHS) policy on educational outcomes in the Upper West Region. Using a qualitative research approach, it explores the perceptions of students, teachers, parents, and education officials regarding the policy’s effectiveness in enhancing access to education, academic performance, and student experience. Data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions, and analysed using content, narrative, and thematic approaches. The findings revealed that the Free SHS policy has significantly increased secondary school enrolment, particularly for students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. However, its implementation is hindered by challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, overcrowded classrooms, insufficient learning materials, and overburdened teachers. While stakeholders appreciate the policy’s transformative potential, concerns about compromised educational quality and strained resources persist. The study recommends expansion of infrastructure, consistent supply of learning materials, and providing adequate support and training for teachers.