Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR): the benefit of the double stitch in the largest single-center experience

Abstract

Aim: To review our experience of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR) regarding complication rates, the practice of closing the asymptomatic patent processes vaginalis (PPV), and comparison of complication rates between pre-term (< 37 week gestation) and term infants. Methods: Retrospective review of LIHR performed between 2009 and 2021. Repair was performed by intracorporal single or double purse string/purse string + Z-stitch using a non-absorbable suture. Data were analyzed using Chi-squared/Mann–Whitney and are quoted as median (range). Results: 1855 inguinal rings were closed in 1195 patients (943 (79%) male). 1378 rings (74%) were symptomatic. 492 (41%) patients were pre-term. Corrected gestational age at surgery was 55 weeks (31 weeks–14.6 years) and weight 5.9 kg (1–65.5). Closure of contralateral PPV was higher in the premature group (210/397 [53%] vs. 265/613 [43%] p = 0.003). There were 23 recurrences in 20 patients, of whom 10 had been born prematurely. The only factor significantly associated with a lower recurrence was use of a second stitch (p = 0.011). Conclusion: This is the largest single-center reported series of LIHR. LIHR is safe at any age, the risk of recurrence is low, and can be corrected by re-laparoscopy. Use of a Z-stitch or second purse string is associated with a significantly lower rate of recurrence.