Finite element modelling of steel beams with web openings

Abstract

Height limitations are frequent in multi-storey buildings due to zoning regulations, economic requirements and esthetical considerations. On the other hand, substantial spaces are normally required to enable the passage of large pipes and ducts beneath steel beams leading to uneconomic floor heights. The most adopted solution is the use of holes at the steel beam webs in order to enable the passage of services. Chung et al. [1], [3] state that nowadays services that require web openings up to 75% of the beam height are not uncommon. These openings could lead to a significant decrease of the beam load carrying capacity depending on the adopted holes shape, size and location. This motivated the present study that used finite elements simulations to quantitative and qualitative evaluates the structural behaviour of steel beams with web openings. This paper presents the developed finite element models using the ANSYS [6] program to investigate the structural response of steel beams with web openings. The analysis incorporated geometric and material non-linearities and were calibrated against numerical and test results to validate the proposed finite element models. The investigation also contemplated the simulations of beams with a series of holes distributed all over their length known as cellular beams. The imulations were centred at the evaluation of the different steel beams with web penings failure mechanisms and the main reasons for yours collapse modes. © 2007 Civil-Comp Press.