Nanospectroscopy of a single patch antenna strongly coupled to a mid-infrared intersubband transition in a quantum well

Abstract

Scanning-probe-assisted mid-infrared nano-spectroscopy is employed to reveal the polaritonic dispersion of individual MIM (metal-insulator-metal) square patch antennas whose modes can be strongly coupled to a mid-infrared intersubband transition. The patch antenna side length L sets the resonances between λ = 5.5 μm and 12.5 μm. The active region consists of a highly doped AlInAs/InGaAs/AlInAs single quantum well that presents an intersubband transition at 1190 cm-1 (λ = 8.4 μm). When the patch antenna optical resonance approaches and matches the intersubband transition frequency (L ∼1.8 μm), a clear anticrossing behavior - evidence of strong coupling - is observed in the near-field scattering phase spectra of individual antennas. The measured Rabi splitting is 4.5 THz. The near-field scattering spectra agree with the far-field extinction spectra acquired on arrays of identical antennas.