A forest manager's guide to Butternut

Abstract

Exotic insect pests and pathogens have dramatically reduced the quantity and quality of several trees species in North America. Butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) is one such species. This review discusses the identification of butternut, the current status of butternut, and the nature of the threats that influence its survival, all in the context of what forest managers need to know to make difficult choices they face when managing butternut. Options for encouraging regeneration are presented, as well the current status of recovery efforts.