Intelligent Risk Identification and Mitigation in Green Construction: A Lifecycle Framework

Abstract

Construction industry is highly rated among the high consumers of energy and greenhouse gases in the world, raising continuous pressure to balance the economic development and the goals of sustainability. Although traditional methods of green buildings have provided quantifiable environmental outcomes, many provide a narrow range of solutions to the complexity and interdependence of factors related to climate resiliency, resource-saving, and long-term operation capabilities. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), the Internet of Things (IoT), and Building Information Modeling (BIM) may provide new ways of contributing to the risk identification and mitigation throughout the building lifecycle. The paper develops a lifecycle-based framework that incorporates intelligent technologies with sustainable building concepts at critical points, such as design, the selection of materials, construction, operation and maintenance, and recovery of post-damages. The framework groups the biggest risk categories, namely seismic, climatic, financial, environmental, and operational and then maps them in the right intelligent mitigation strategies, including optimization algorithms, predictive analytics, and AIoT enabled monitoring systems. By relying on evidence synthesized based on a systematic mapping review, the study points to the role that techniques such as genetic algorithms, deep learning models, fuzzy logic, and sensor-based systems can play in ensuring enhanced structural safety, better cost prediction, lesser environmental effects, and decision-making capacity. Based on the results, the implementation of intelligent technologies and green building strategies does not only improve the environmental performance and energy efficiency but also increases the resiliency and well-being of the occupants. The proposed framework provides a methodological and mobile foundation on the researchers, practitioners and policymakers who seek to align the green-smart building (GSB) practices with the global climate and sustainability goals, of which intelligent, lifecycle based construction is one of the major streams to low-carbon and resilient built environment.