Auditory evoked response, median frequency and 95% spectral edge during anaesthesia with desflurane and nitrous oxide

Abstract

We have studied in 12 patients the effect of desflurane in nitrous oxide on the electroencephalogram (EEG) and the early cortical auditory evoked response (AER). After induction with desflurane, patients' lungs were ventilated to maintain three different end-expiratory concentrations of desflurane (1.5, 3 and 6%) during four consecutive 10-min periods before surgery. As the end-expiratory concentration of desflurane was increased, Pa and Nb (AER) amplitudes decreased and their latencies increased, and spontaneous EEG showed an increase in amplitude and a slowing of frequency. A linear relationship was demonstrated between log10 concentration of desflurane and all variables (P = 0.001). Pa amplitude showed the greatest linearity followed by the derived variable F95 of the EEG. From regression slopes, mean percentage changes of each variable were calculated for a 1 MAC change in desflurane concentration. Pa amplitude showed the largest change (mean 49% (95% confidence interval 40-56%) decrease for a 1 MAC increase). This was greater than that of F95 for a similar confidence interval, indicating better resolution. This study confirms that the early cortical AER is affected by desflurane in a similar manner to that of other anaesthetic agents and as such remains the most promising EEG derived measure of depth of anaesthesia.