Perceptions of Fishers towards Marine Reserves in Iloilo Coastal Communities, Central Philippines

Abstract

A marine reserve, or marine protected area (MPA), enhances the health of the marine ecosystem, secures livelihoods, and improves community well-being. Despite successful implementation of reserves all over the world, little attention has been given to participation and cooperation between stakeholders in less known and small MPAs. This paper investigates fishers' perceptions of marine reserves in their communities, with an emphasis on the similarities and differences in their perceptions: (1) when their municipal governance is strong; (2) when their incomes are different; and (3) when they are members of non-government organisations (NGOs), or people's organisations (POs). Using survey data from 175 fishers in 5 coastal communities, north of the Province of Iloilo, fishers' perceptions were analysed regarding conflict between various stakeholders in reserves management, as well as their opinions regarding the level of participation in POs and in the overall improvement of coral reefs. Results of the study showed that improvement in the quantity and quality of coral reefs from establishment of marine reserves could be enhanced if fishers have higher incomes, are members of a people's organisation, or have less conflict with other fishers and their local government. Thus, attempts to improve local marine conditions through MPAs should address local participation and membership to NGOs/POs.