Mediation Analyses in Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling, Helping Researchers Discuss More Sophisticated Models: An Abstract

Abstract

Indirect or mediated effects constitute a type of relationship between constructs that often occurs in partial least squares structural equation models (PLS-SEM). Over the past few years, the methods for testing mediation have become more sophisticated. However, many researchers continue to use outdated methods to test mediation effects in PLS-SEM, which can lead to erroneous results. One reason for the use of outdated methods or even ignoring it is that no systematic tutorials on PLS-SEM exist that draw on the newest statistical findings. This study illustrates the state-of-the-art use of mediation analysis in the context of PLS-SEM. It facilitates the adoption of modern procedures in PLS-SEM by challenging the conventional approach to mediation analysis and providing alternatives that are more accurate. In addition, we propose a decision tree and classification of mediation effects. Our recommended approach offers a wide range of testing options that go beyond simple mediation analysis alternatives, helping researchers discuss their studies in a more accurate way.