Grid fault location method based on genetic algorithm and signal spectrum analysis

Abstract

In order to improve the reliability of transmission wave fault location system and reduce the application cost, a new method of fault location in the regional grid based on transmissive waves of healthy lines is proposed. The precision of fault location is mainly affected by the signal attenuation, wave distortion, and frequency deviation of transmissive wave propagating in the lines and buses. Since the signal sources of transmissive waves are the same, the initial failure moment derived from different transmissive waves should be the same. Based on this assumption, the target equation is developed, and the distance-measuring error caused by the above factors is solved by optimizing the wave speed. In solving of the equation, the frequency and path revision coefficients are introduced as variables, and the target equation is solved with the genetic algorithm. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the proposed algorithm is verified by in-field data.