Extraction of Phenol and Antioxidant Compounds from Kepok Banana Skin with PEF Pre-Treatment

Abstract

Kepok banana (Musa parasidiaca L) consumption produce banana skin waste that is only used as animal feed and house waste. Kepok banana peel contains phenol and antioxidants of 12.35% and other compounds. These compounds can be extracted using maceration methods. A pre-treatment process is needed to increase phenol compounds and antioxidants using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF). The advantage of using PEF pre-treatment is that it can break down the cell membrane with the electric shock without using high temperatures. The purpose of this study is to increase the total phenol using PEF pre-treatment to obtain optimal result. PEF pre-treatment varied by electricity field strength and PEF time, where the electric field strength used was 2, 3, and 4 kv/cm and the duration of time used was 2, 3, and 4 minutes. The method used for testing the total phenol content is the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the method used for testing antioxidant activity is the DPPH (1,1-dyphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. In the study, the best value of the total phenol content was in the electric field strength variation of 4 kv/cm for 2 minutes, which was 1.664 ± 0.226 mg GAE/mg dry extract. Whereas the best value on the antioxidant activity test on Kepok banana peel is on 4 kv/cm for 4 minutes, which was 13.086 ± 4.547 mg/ml.