Studies on Maize Yield under Drought Using Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis

Abstract

Yield being a complex character is governed by a large number of genes. To evaluate the relationship between yield and its components in maize through correlation and path studies a study was conducted. In present investigation, it was inferred that genotypic and phenotypic correlations among ten morpho-physiological and yield traits in maize lines were significant. The grain yield plot-1 was positively correlated with 100-seed weight, ears plot-1, chlorophyll content, plant height, ear height and number of kernels row-1 indicating the importance of these traits in selection for yield. The influence of each character on yield could be known through correlation studies with a view to determine the extent and nature of relationships prevailing among yield and yield attributing characters. Path-coefficient analysis was studied at phenotypic level considering grain yield plot-1 as dependent character. The independent characters were plant height (cm), ear height (cm), leaf relative water content (%), chlorophyll content at flowering, chlorophyll content at maturity, ears plant-1, kernels row-1, 100 grain weight (g), protein content (%). The highest positive and direct effect was found for chlorophyll content at flowering, kernels row-1 followed by 100 grain weight and plant height. These traits contributed maximum to higher grain yield compared to other characters, thus, selection for these characters helps in selection of superior cross combinations for improvement of yield.