The Evolution of the Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst 'AmoMax®-CASALE'

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Abstract

Despite the Haber-Bosch process being more than 100 years old, only incremental improvements have been achieved until recently. Now, by combining the catalyst expertise of Clariant and the engineering knowledge of Casale, a breakthrough has been realized. AmoMax®-Casale is a new ammonia synthesis catalyst jointly developed by Casale and Clariant particularly for use in Casale ammonia converters. AmoMax®-Casale is a customized evolution of the well-known, wustite-based catalyst, AmoMax® 10. While retaining the same superior resistance to ageing, poisoning and mechanical strength, AmoMax®-Casale is significantly more active. This feature allows to reduce the loop recycle rate and the loop pressure and/or to increase the ammonia production. The higher activity of AmoMax®-Casale contributes to improve the overall operating efficiency either by saving energy, or by increasing the plant capacity significantly. This article will describe in detail the successful development of AmoMax®-Casale, explain advantages and commercial benefits based on concrete plant simulations and share the start-up experience of the first commercial reference.

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APA

D’Alessandri, J., Filippi, E., Panza, S., Estenfelder, M., Reitmeier, S. J., Reitzmann, A., … Eckert, R. (2022). The Evolution of the Ammonia Synthesis Catalyst “AmoMax®-CASALE.” Chimia, 76(7–8), 635–640. https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.635

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