Robot assisted stereotactic surgery improves hematoma evacuation in intracerebral hemorrhage compared to frame based method

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) requires prompt hematoma evacuation to mitigate poor outcomes. This study compares robot-assisted stereotactic surgery with traditional frame-based methods for ICH evacuation. A retrospective analysis of 131 patients (45 robot-assisted, 86 frame-based) undergoing surgery within 72 h of supratentorial basal ganglia hemorrhage was conducted. Propensity score matching balanced baseline characteristics between 40 patients per group. Results showed robot-assisted surgery achieved a significantly higher median hematoma evacuation rate (78.7% vs. 66.2%) and shorter median hospital stay (12 vs. 15 days) compared to frame-based surgery, with no significant differences in residual hematoma volume, surgical time, postoperative complications, or short-term functional outcomes. While robot-assisted techniques enhance evacuation efficiency and reduce hospitalization without increasing risks, their long-term neurological benefits require further investigation. These findings highlight the potential of robotic assistance as a safe and effective minimally invasive approach for ICH management.