Theory of the structures of non-crystalline solids

Abstract

The study of the structures and properties of non-crystalline solids and their interrelationships is a rapidly growing field of research, involving Interdisciplinary efforts at the frontiers of chemistry, solid state physics, and materials science. These materials differ from the better-understood crystalline solids by the lack of long range three-dimensional translational periodicity in their atomic arrangements. Consequently, this study cannot make use of the simplification attendant with the use of repetitions of a small unit cell. We present a review of the state-of-the-art in the theoretical study of the structures of such non-crystalline solids. The topics covered include structural models, the nature of order and disorder, model systems of low dimensionality, chemical bonding considerations, thermodynamic and kinetic considerations, dynamic simulations, elastic and vibrational properties, electronic structure and properties, amorphous metals and alloys, silica glasses and related alloys, liquids and superlattices. It is our hope that this review will generate more interest among chemists in the scientific and technological problems and challenges presented by these materials. © 1987 IUPAC