Low cost partially-stabilized zirconia ceramic produced by powder mixing with additives of MgO-Y2O3-CaO system

Abstract

The feasibility of producing partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) ceramics using a commercial monoclinic zirconia powder with the addition of MgO, Y 2O3, and/or CaO by powder mixing route was studied. The adopted methodology aimed mainly to lower the raw-material cost. PSZ samples with cylindrical shape with single and mixed additions were prepared by sintering between 1500 and 1700 °C in the tetragonal-cubic two-phase region. The samples were ground in a centerless grinding machine and the surface roughness was measured. Crystalline phases (X-ray diffraction, Rietveld method), microstructure (scanning electron microscopy), density/porosity, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and biaxial flexural strength of the sintered samples were measured. In general, the best sintering temperature was 1500 °C. The best additive compositions were one with single addition of MgO and three with mixed additions containing Y2O3. The results of these samples sintered at 1500 °C were close to the results of a commercial Mg-PSZ sintered at 1700 °C.