Do variations in the concentrations of EDTA and citric acid affect the release of different growth factors from the dentin matrix?

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the release levels of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) from the dentin matrix using 10% and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 10% and 20% citric acid during regenerative endodontic procedures. Methods: Fifty mandibular single-rooted premolar teeth were used. 8-mm cylindrical roots were irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite. Root segments were divided into groups by 20 mL of final irrigants: saline, 10% or 17% EDTA, and 10% or 20% citric acid. The samples were placed into culture medium and kept in an incubator at 37°C for 24 h. The supernatants were collected to measure the levels of growth factors with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were evaluated using a one-way analysis of variance. Results: EDTA or citric acid increased the release levels of all growth factors compared to the control group. The greatest amount of TGF-β1 release was measured with 17% EDTA; however, it was not significantly different from 10% citric acid. The lowest amount of BMP-7 released was with 10% citric acid, which was significantly different from the other groups. Conclusion: The 17% EDTA and 10% citric acid solutions had a similar effect on the release of growth factors from the dentin matrix.