Validation of the Digital Transformation Model in Human Resource Management of the Civil Registration Organization

Abstract

This study aimed to validate the digital transformation model in human resource management of the Civil Registration Organization of Iran. The research method was mixed (qualitative–quantitative) and employed a descriptive–analytical approach. In the qualitative phase, by applying grounded theory and conducting interviews with experts, the main and subcategories of digital transformation were extracted, followed by open, axial, and selective coding. Then, based on the qualitative findings, a questionnaire was designed and implemented in the quantitative phase with a sample of 380 managers and specialists. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and validity and reliability tests. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha above 0.7 and composite reliability above 0.8. Convergent validity was verified with AVE greater than 0.5, and discriminant validity was confirmed with HTMT less than 0.9. The findings indicated that digital transformation in human resource management is a multidimensional process influenced by causal conditions (β = 0.34), intervening conditions (β = 0.49), and contextual conditions (β = 0.56). Strategies such as organizational culture development, human resource empowerment, smart network development, and continuous monitoring were identified as key drivers. The outcomes of this transformation emerged at three levels — individual, organizational, and social — including enhanced employee performance, increased organizational agility, and improved social capital. The modeling results showed that all hypotheses were statistically significant (t > 1.96). Additionally, the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.20) and the global goodness-of-fit index (GOF = 0.411) indicated an acceptable model fit. Ultimately, the proposed model can serve as a comprehensive framework for digital human resource management in the Civil Registration Organization and similar organizations.