FORMULATION OF ANDALAS TWIG (MORUS MACROURA MIQ.) EXTRACT LOTION AND EVALUATION OF ITS ACTIVITY

Abstract

Objective: Indonesia has a relatively high UV exposure, which can cause skin damage, including premature aging through oxidative stress. Andalas twig (Morus macroura Miq.) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds that have great potential to protect the skin from UV damage. This study aims to formulate the lotion from Andalas twig extract and observe the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity to reduce the impact of premature aging due to extreme UV-B exposure. Methods: Andalas twigs were macerated with ethanol 70% and tested antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The extract was then formulated in a lotion dosage form at concentrations of F1 (1%), F2 (3%), and F3 (5%). The lotion was evaluated for its properties for 14 days. Histological examination using the skin of a Mus musculus l male balb/c strain under a microscope was also done to determine anti-inflammatory activity on day one and day 21 of treatment. Descriptive analysis was carried out to interpret the histological results. Results: The extract of Andalas twigs yielded 4% and an IC50 value of 339.31 ppm for antioxidant activity using DPPH. Based on the observation, all lotion formulas were yellowish-white in color, homogenous, and with pH in a range of 6-7. The histological assessment didn't show collagen formation as an effect of antioxidant activity. Still, it showed anti-inflammatory activity due to oxidative stress in the form of protective and repair effects on day 21 for lotion F1 and F2. Meanwhile, lotion F3 has cell poly-variation, indicating chronic inflammation. Conclusion: Lotion of Andalas twig extract did not show antioxidant activity in DPPH but has anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 3% (F2) to relieve oxidative stress symptoms. The observed effects may be attributed to bioactive compounds within the extract, highlighting its therapeutic potential. Further research is recommended to confirm the antioxidant activity of Andalas tree twig extracts and validate their potential health benefits.