Partisipasi Masyarakat Melalui Inovasi Bank Sampah Gemah Ripah Bantul

Abstract

Keberhasilan partisipasi masyarakat melalui Bank Sampah Gemah Ripah Bantul menarik untuk diteliti, mengingat kondisi partisipasi masyarakat di wilayah lain yang cenderung rendah. Studi ini ditujukan guna mengetahui faktor pendorong, bentuk partisipasi dan faktor penghambat serta solusi yang diterapkan Bank Sampah Gemah Ripah Bantul dalam mempertahankan partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini mengadopsi kualitatif deskriptif, melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan observasi non partisipan. Hasil studi mengindikasikan bahwasanya faktor pendorong partisipasi masyarakat disebabkan oleh adanya imbalan ekonomi, pengetahuan masyarakat, sosialisasi, adanya reward untuk nasabah teraktif, serta stakeholder yang terbuka dan komunikatif. Bentuk-bentuk partisipasi masyarakat meliputi mengajak orang lain untuk menabung sampah, melakukan pemilahan sampah, rutin mengambil sampah untuk dijadikan kerajinan, rutin menyetorkan hasil kerajinan, menjadi tim manajemen, dan sebagai tenaga sukarela. Terdapat hambatan seperti jumlah nasabah yang tidak stabil menyesuaikan harga sampah, belum adanya layanan penjemputan sampah, dan pemilahan sampah yang belum sesuai oleh beberapa nasabah. Solusi yaitu dengan melakukan metode inovatif seperti reward, menabung sampah menjadi sembako, pulsa, dan voucher memancing serta edukasi bagi masyarakat terkait pengelolaan sampah. Temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi wawasan baru terutama bagi kajian pemberdayaan masyarakat, bahwa adanya peran tokoh penggerak dan model bank sampah berbasis profit oriented dapat mendukung keberhasilan bank sampah.The success of community participation through the Gemah Ripah Bantul Waste Bank is interesting to study, considering the condition of community participation in other areas which tends to be low. This research seeks to evaluate the driving factors, forms of participation and inhibiting factors as well as solutions implemented by the Gemah Ripah Bantul Waste Bank in maintaining community participation. This study utilizes a descriptive qualitative, via semi-structured interviews and non-participant observation. The results of the study shows that the driving factors for community participation are caused by economic rewards, community knowledge, socialization, rewards for the most active customers, and open and communicative stakeholders. Forms of community participation include inviting others to save waste, sorting waste, routinely collecting waste to be made into crafts, routinely depositing craft results, becoming a management team, and as volunteers. There are obstacles such as the number of customers who are unstable in adjusting the price of waste, the absence of waste collection services, and waste sorting that is not yet appropriate by some customers. The solution is to implement innovative methods such as rewards, saving waste into basic necessities, credit, and fishing vouchers as well as education for the community regarding waste management. The findings of this study can provide new insights, especially for community empowerment studies, that the role of driving figures and profit-oriented waste bank models can support the success of waste banks.