Assessment of physical activity levels and sedentary behavior in students using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire

Abstract

Physical activity plays a crucial role in maintaining both physical and mental health, being especially important among university students who are often exposed to a sedentary lifestyle. Lack of physical activity can lead to various health issues, including cardiovascular risks and mental health disorders. This study aims to assess the levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior among university students using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), an internationally validated instrument. The GPAQ collects data on physical activity across three main domains: occupational activity (work or study), active transportation and recreational activities (sports, exercise, leisure activities). The study was conducted in accordance with current ethical guidelines. The collected data were analyzed to determine the levels of physical activity (low, moderate, vigorous) and the average daily time spent in sedentary behavior. The results showed a significant prevalence of sedentary behavior, with students spending, on average, more than six hours per day sitting. Only 24 students met the recommended levels for vigorous occupational activity and 37 met the criteria for moderate occupational activity, according to World Health Organization guidelines. Vigorous and moderate physical activities were practiced by 43 and 34 male students, respectively, and by 19 and 33 female students. Walking or cycling was more commonly reported among female students than male students (42.5% vs. 31.7%). The study highlights the need for implementing educational interventions and programs that promote physical activity within the university environment. These should aim to reduce sedentary behavior and encourage the adoption of an active lifestyle, given its significant impact on students’ physical and mental health. The results can serve as a foundation for developing universal policies to support physical activity among young adults, thereby contributing to the prevention of health problems associated with a sedentary lifestyle..