Simple Hand-Held Calculating Unit to Aid the Visually Impaired with Voice Output

Abstract

A thorough understanding in mathematics enhances educational and occupational opportunities for all, whether sighted or visually impaired.. However, solving complicated mathematical problems is difficult for visually challenged students in schools and universities as the calculators available in the markets with smooth input keys and LCD outputs are useless for them. Using the assistive technology which is basically a service or product to help people with disabilities function more independently has removed barriers to educate and employ people. An optimal solution for them is Braille calculator with audio output. In this paper, we have proposed a cost effective, hand-held, battery-driven, low power assistive device aiming the visually impaired people from low income settings. The input is given through a 4 by 4 Membrane keypad which has been Braille-embossed using indigenous methods. The output is announced in natural English by the audio unit via speakers and/or headphones up to two places of decimal point. The system is implemented on custom made open source Arduino platform, making it efficient and cost-effective.