Phthalic acid: A green, biodegradable and environmentally benign nature difunctional Brønsted acid catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one derivatives and substituted dihydro-2-oxypyrroles

Abstract

Phthalic acid as a green, biodegradable economical and environmentally benign nature catalyst for the one-pot three-component Biginelli synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one derivatives via β-keto esters, aldehyde derivatives and urea/thiourea under thermal and solvent-free conditions and one-pot four-component domino condensation of substituted dihydro-2-oxypyrrole by reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate, formaldehyde and amines (aromatic and aliphatic) under ambient temperature with short reaction times and excellent yields is reported. The most benefits this procedure are such as green, biodegradable, inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst, eco-friendly, high catalytic activity, efficient, easily separation with no column chromatographic separation, simple operational procedures, one-pot, excellent yields, environmentally benign nature.