RISK FACTORS OF DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE TWO DIABETES MELLITUSSTUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Abstract

BACKGROUND Depressive disorders are one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus. This is an effort to study the demographic, diabetes related and psychosocial factors associated with depressive disorder in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital- based case control study was conducted in the Diabetic Clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. 80 cases who were aged >= 18 years were diagnosed to have type 2 diabetes mellitus who have Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ( HADS)- depression subscale score >= 8 and 80 controls who were the same age group with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending during the same period with HADS depression subscale score less than 8 constituted the study population. Data were collected after taking informed consent. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated. Multivariable analysis was done to find the adjusted odds ratio for factors found to be significant in bivariable analysis. RESULTS The mean age of the cases was 55.14 +/- 8.63 years and the mean age of controls was 53.13 +/- 10.31 years. Family history of mental illness, BPL status, longer duration of diabetes, presence of other chronic conditions and higher number of life events and higher mean stress scores were found to be significant risk factors for depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Increased social support score was identified as a protective factor. CONCLUSION Certain demographic, diabetes related and psychosocial factors were significantly associated with depression in diabetes mellitus. So it is important to screen diabetic patients with such risk factors for depression, if not all diabetics for resource constraints.