Preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy of RG7116: A novel humanized, glycoengineered anti-HER3 antibody

Abstract

Purpose: RG7116 is a novel anti-HER3 therapeutic antibody that inhibits HER3 signalling and induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of tumor cells due to a glycoengineered antibody Fc moiety. We investigated the efficacy and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of HER3 signal inhibition by RG7116 in a murine xenograft model of human head and neck cancer. Methods: SCID-beige mice bearing FaDu cells were treated with RG7116 at a weekly dose of 0.3-10 mg/kg, and tumor growth control and modulation of selected proteins (HER3 and AKT) were examined. Results: Complete tumor stasis up to Day 46 was observed at a dose >3 mg/kg, and this dose down-modulated membrane HER3 expression and inhibited HER3 and AKT phosphorylation. Systemic RG7116 exposure was greater than dose-proportional and total clearance declined with increasing dose, indicating that RG7116 elimination is target-mediated. This is consistent with the better efficacy, and the HER3 and pAKT inhibition, that was observed at doses >1 mg/kg. Tumor regrowth occurred from Day 46 onwards and was associated with HER1 and HER2 upregulation, indicating the activation of alternative HER escape pathways. Modulation of HER3 and phospho-HER3 was also demonstrated in the skin and mucosa of an RG7116-treated cynomolgus monkey, suggesting that these may be useful surrogate tissues for monitoring RG7116 activity. Conclusions: These data confirm the promising efficacy of RG7116 and highlight the value of assessing the PK behavior of the antibody and measuring target protein modulation as a marker of biological activity. Clinical development of RG7116 has now begun, and phase I trials are ongoing.