Clinical outcomes with a systolic blood pressure lower than 120 mmHg in older patients with high disease burden

Abstract

Background: The target blood pressure in older patients is controversial. Recent studies provided clinical evidence supporting a target systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg in patients >50 years at high risk of cardiovascular events. Methods: Retrospective study of 380 consecutive patients ≥60 years with stages 1–5 pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease seen between January 2013 and November 2015. The outcomes of a systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg in older patients with chronic kidney disease and multiple comorbidities were analyzed. Results: Sixty-eight patients had a systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg, 312 patients had a systolic blood pressure ≥120 mmHg. Forty-three patients died during the follow up (11.3%). Patients with a systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg had a higher risk of death: 21 (30.9%) vs 22 (7%). Primary cause of death: Cardiovascular: 11 (25.6%), infectious 9 (20.9%), cancer 5 (11.6%), renal failure 6 (13.9%), COPD/pulmonary fibrosis 2 (4.6%), end stage liver disease 3 (6.9%), traumatic brain injury 1 (2.3%), gastrointestinal hemorrhage 4 (9.3%), complications of diabetes 1 (2.3%), unknown 1 (2.3%). After adjusting for confounding factors, a systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg remained associated with increased mortality. There was a trend to more cardiovascular outcomes in those with a lower blood pressure. Conclusions: A systolic blood pressure below 120 mmHg in older patients with high disease burden was associated with adverse outcomes. Individualization of blood pressure therapy to each specific patient is warranted.