The management of urban World Heritage Sites: a semi-systematic literature review

Abstract

This paper conducts a semi-systematic literature review (2012–2023) on urban World Heritage Site (WHS) management, using bibliometric and content analysis. It identifies four key themes: heritage management, community engagement, tourism pressures, and policy concerns. Findings highlight the central role of management plans, tourism’s strong influence, and governance challenges. The study calls for interdisciplinary research, improved governance, and better legal frameworks to address conflicts and strengthen WHS management.