A Scoping Review of Access and Engagement With Mental Health Services by Young People From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Communities in Australia

Abstract

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) young people encounter unique circumstances, which can lead to high levels of distress. However, an up-to-date comprehensive literature review synthesising knowledge concerning mental health issues faced by CALD young people is lacking. This scoping review aims to identify the barriers and facilitators of access and engagement with Australian mental health services experienced by CALD young people. Research databases were searched to identify studies concerning CALD young people aged 12–25, parents of CALD youth and mental health workers. A total of 15 original research papers in peer-reviewed journals and grey literature meeting inclusion criteria were examined. Using thematic analysis, we categorised data according to (1) subjective perceptions, (2) structural and service barriers and (3) service and community facilitators in accessing and engaging with mental health services. Subjective perceptions showed four barriers related to cultural concepts, trust, stigma and family involvement. Identified barriers were related to financial, transportation and complex, poor culturally responsive services, whilst facilitators focussed on flexible service delivery, capacity of practitioners and social relationships. Respecting young people's preference to involve parents, adopting community-integrated approaches and providing culturally responsive psychological and practical support are crucial to enhance mental health access and engagement.