Keloid after orthopedic surgery: Prevention, current therapy modalities, and emerging therapies modalities

Abstract

Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative tissue growth that exceeds the initial wound margins. It is caused by the disruption in the wound healing phase with increased fibroblast activity and excess collagen deposition. Keloid usually develops after tissue trauma. Orthopedic surgery inevitably causes tissue trauma that will lead to the formation of keloids in a few patients. Keloids can cause cosmetic and functional problems, thus interfere with a person’s quality of life. Keloid therapy modalities are mainly divided into three, which are prophylactic therapy modalities, current therapy modalities, and emerging therapy modalities that are being developed. This literature review aims to evaluate further prevention, current therapy modalities, and emerging therapies modalities in Keloid following orthopedic surgery.