Power Rivalry and Energy Transition: A Comparative Analysis from the Perspectives of China and the United States

Abstract

This paper examines the energy transition and rivalry between China and the United States. Following the commitment made in the Paris Agreement, both countries face challenges and opportunities in energy transition. The research applied a comparative analysis of motivations, strategies, and actions. China, heavily reliant on imported fossil fuels, seeks energy security and economic growth through clean energy. By leveraging multiple Five-Year Plans, they achieved remarkable results in renewable energy distribution. The US, a major energy exporter, wishes to keep its dominance. However, the different political views of their parties hindered the implementation of energy transition policies. China positions itself as a global climate leader. Trade tensions arose as China's solar panels crowded out US products. China's control over critical minerals for renewable energy infrastructure poses a potential pressure on the US. To address these conflicts, the paper calls for a global recognition of climate change, actively engaging in sincere talks and collaboration between governments. By doing this, both nations can promote energy transition while effectively addressing the climate crisis.