Flora do Espírito santo: Aristolochiaceae

Abstract

Aristolochiaceae Juss. (Piperales) has around 600 species of which 550 belong to Aristolochia. In Brazil, Aristolochia is represented by 92 species, 39 of them can be found in the Atlantic Forest. This study aimed to investigate the taxonomic diversity of Aristolochiaceae from Espírito Santo state (ES). Thus, fieldwork was performed from February/2014 to August/2015 and collections were visited and/or consulted (ALCB, C, CEPEC, CVRD, F, HRCB, HUEFS, K, M, MBM, MBML, MPU, P, S, SP, R, RB, and VIES). Specialized literature and nomenclatural types were consulted to determine specific identity of the taxa. A total of 20 species is recorded for ES: Aristolochia arcuata, A. assisii, A. bahiensis, A. chamissonis, A. cymbifera, A. cynanchifolia, A. elegans, A. gigantea, A. aff. gigantea, A. gracilipedunculata, A. hypoglauca, A. labiata, A. longispathulata, A. melastoma, A. nevesarmondiana, A. pubescens, A. subglobosa, A. tamnifolia, A. trilobata, and A. zebrina. One species was assigned as Vulnerable (VU), eight as Endangered (EN), and four as Critically Threatened (CR). Compared to the previously listed for ES and after nomenclatural updates, nine taxa (about 81%) are new records for the State. Results demonstrated the importance of extensive sampling and contributed for a better understanding of ES flora.