Determination of phenolic substances of seeds, skins and stems from white grape marc by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging

Abstract

Background and Aims: Winemaking generates a large quantity of grape marc that causes environmental and economic problems, which could be minimised by exploiting and adding value to these by-products. Marc is composed of seeds, skins and stems that are an important source of phenolic substances, which have antioxidant properties and potential benefits to human health. It is necessary to develop novel methods for assessing the composition of marc because conventional analyses are destructive and require lengthy preparation procedures and chemical reagents. Methods and Results: Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging has been used for evaluating 27 individual phenolic substances in the components of grape marc after freeze-drying, the only sample preparation step. By applying partial least squares regression to the spectral data, values of R2 up to 0.98 were obtained even for estimating some minor compounds. Conclusions: This methodology arises as an attractive alternative to analyse the phenolic composition of grape marc because of its speed and simplicity. Significance of the Study: The use of this technique will allow wine producers to quickly determine the phenolic composition and decide the destination of this by-product.