Lifestyle, Volition, and Well-Being Among Medical and Non-Medical University Students: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

Background: The transition to university represents a crucial period for the consolidation of health-related behaviors that may persist into adulthood. Examining gender and field-of-study differences can help identify factors shaping students’ well-being and lifestyle habits. Methods: This study assessed lifestyle behaviors and psychological well-being in 202 university students (125 females, 77 males; mean age = 19.76 ± 2.40) including 157 medical and 45 non-medical students. At the beginning and end of the academic year, participants completed questionnaires assessing diet (MEDAS), physical activity (IPAQ, VEQ-I), and psychological well-being (PSS-10, WHO-5, PGWB-S). Results: Males showed higher BMI, greater volitional resources supporting goal-directed behavior (VEQ-VF), and psychological well-being, while females reported greater stress (PSS-10) and lower volition (p < 0.05). Non-medical students scored higher on the WHO-5 (p = 0.041). Males and non-medical students were more frequently in the high IPAQ category (p < 0.01). Physical activity correlated positively with volition and well-being and negatively with stress. Conclusions: These results suggest that volitional resources support adaptive behaviors and are linked to both physical activity and psychological health. Promoting volitional skills, particularly among medical students and females, may enhance well-being and encourage healthier lifestyles during their university years.