Improvement of energy efficiency and control performance of cooling system fan applied to industry 4.0 data center

Abstract

This paper proposes a control method to improve the energy efficiency and performance of cooling fans used for cooling. In Industry 4.0, a large number of digital data are used, and a large number of data centers are created to handle these data. These data centers consist of information technology (IT) equipment, power systems, and cooling systems. The cooling system is essential to prevent failure and malfunction of the IT equipment, which consumes a considerable amount of energy. This paper proposes a method to reduce the energy used in such cooling systems and to improve the temperature control performance. This paper proposes an fuzzy proportional integral(FPI) controller that controls the input value of the proportional integral(PI) controller by the fuzzy controller according to the operation state, a VFPI (Variable Fuzzy Proportional Integral) controller that adjusts the gain value of the fuzzy controller, and a variable fuzzy proportion integration-variable limit (VFPI-VL) controller that adjusts the limit value of the fuzzy controller’s output value. These controllers control the fan applied to the cooling system and compare the energy consumed and temperature control performance. When the PI controller consumes 100% of the power consumed, the FPI is 50.5%, the VFPI controller is 44.3%, and the VFPI-VL is 32.6%. The power consumption is greatly reduced. In addition, the VFPI-VL controller is the lowest in temperature variation, which improves the energy efficiency and performance of the cooling system using a fan. The methods presented in this paper can not only be applied to fans for cooling, but also to variable speed systems for various purposes and improvement of performance and efficiency can be expected.