D shaped dual core photonics crystal based refractive index sensor using graphene–titanium–silver materials for infrared frequency spectrum

Abstract

The research article represents the graphene-metal composition based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with dual-core to cover applications of low refractive sensors. The outer side of PCF structure plasmonic material silver (Ag) is placed and the oxidation layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) is placed on the upper surface of the plasmonic layer. The graphene provides high conductivity values for the infrared spectrum. The overall structure of the PCF provides the wideband constant SPR response for the lower refractive index value of the analyte. This sensor is numerically investigated over 1.5–1.9 μm of the operating wavelength. This structure offers the 500–4250 nm/RIU sensitivity variation with the wide operating band. The suggested structure may be used in a variety of analyte detection areas, including biosensor design, organic chemical sensor design, and pharmaceutical inspection.