‘Illat, Hikmah, Qiyas: Studi Pemikiran Imam Ar-Razi dan Imam Al-Amidi tentang Penetapan Hukum dalam Istinbat Qiyasi

Abstract

The majority of scholars state that hikmah cannot be considered as an ‘illat (legal cause) due to its abstract and elusive nature. This article aims to examine the views of Imam ar-Razi and Imam al-Amidi regarding hikmah as an ‘illat in Islamic jurisprudence, identify their similarities and differences, and explore the implications for legal deduction. This research uses a literature review methodology with a comparative analysis of the works of Imam ar-Razi and Imam al-Amidi as the primary data sources. The article utilizes usul al-fiqh, a methodological approach to the study of legal issues based on the framework of ‘illat and the hikmah of the law in Islamic jurisprudence. The findings of this article indicate that Imam ar-Razi rejects the use of hikmah as an ‘illat, arguing that hikmah is uncertain and its nature is not constant for every law. On the other hand, Imam al-Amidi suggests that a law accompanied by a clear nature can contain hidden hikmah. The commonality in the thinking of both scholars lies in their rejection of ta’lilul ahkam bi al-hikmah. They argue that hikmah is difficult to ascertain and possesses an abstract nature. There are three key differences between these two scholars: in terms of methodology, thinking, and implications.