Development of polyindole/tungsten carbide nanocomposite-modified electrodes for electrochemical quantification of chlorpyrifos

Abstract

Abstract: The present investigation deals with the development of a novel polymer nanocomposite (PNCs) electrodes for simple, selective and sensitive detection of chlorpyrifos (CHL). PNCs were developed using surfactant facilitated polymerization of indole using different concentrations (wt%) of WC ranging 5–30. Formation of PNCs was ascertained through diversified analytical methods. Electrodes were derived from PNCs over stainless steel substrate for electrochemical quantification of CHL. With concentration of WC, the DC conductivity (10−2 × S/cm) of electrodes was increased ranging 3.54–0.75 at 313 K. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals well stability of electrodes in phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.1 M) at pH 7.4. The performance of electrodes towards detection and quantification of CHL was investigated through square wave voltammetry. Study reveals that detection and quantification of CHL were dependent on concentration of WC in nanocomposites. Square wave voltammetry reveals that the electrode derived from PNCs with 5 wt% of WC has rendered highest limits of detection and quantification of CHL (10−8 mol/L) up to 5.94 and 18. This work describes a viable method of preparation of synergistic blend of WC in PIN matrix having high electrical conductivity, rapid electron shift, huge surface area and enhanced stability for fast and précised electrochemical detection of CHL. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]