An investigation into the frequency of anemia and the relationship between pregnant women's educational attainment and anemia in Meerut City

Abstract

Background: Anemia during pregnancy poses serious health risks for both mothers and infants, particularly in resource-limited environments. This study examines the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Meerut City, India, and analyzes its correlation with educational attainment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2025 to June 2025 across 28 UPHCs in Meerut City among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in urban and semi-urban areas of Meerut City. Hemoglobin levels were measured to assess anemia status. Socio-demographic and educational information was gathered using structured interviews. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including Chi-square to examine associations. Results: Anemia was found to be highly prevalent among the study participants. A notable negative correlation was observed between educational attainment and anemia severity (p<0.05). Women with higher education levels demonstrated better dietary practices, greater awareness of anemia-related health risks, and higher adherence to iron supplementation. In contrast, women with lower education levels exhibited limited nutritional awareness, reduced use of maternal healthcare services, and limited understanding of anemia prevention and management. Conclusions: The findings underscore the vital role of education in improving maternal health outcomes. Enhancing women's educational status may significantly reduce the burden of anemia and contribute to broader public health and social development goals. The study advocates for integrated policy approaches that link education and health sectors to achieve sustainable improvements in maternal and child health.