Aspartame and Human Health: A Mini-Review of Carcinogenic and Systemic Effects

Abstract

Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, has been at the center of ongoing debates concerning its safety, particularly its potential role in cancer development. This review provides an overview and analysis of the current research exploring the carcinogenic effects of aspartame. It examines findings from in vitro studies, in vivo experiments, and epidemiological investigations to offer a comprehensive perspective on the controversy. The results from these studies remain inconsistent—some suggest a possible association between high aspartame intake and increased cancer risk, while others fail to establish a conclusive link. Additionally, this review explores potential mechanisms by which aspartame could exert carcinogenic effects, focusing on its metabolic byproducts and their influence on cellular and molecular processes. Despite these investigations, the question of aspartame’s safety remains unresolved. Continued research is essential to clarify its role in cancer risk and to inform evidence-based dietary guidelines.